This three-volume work by the foremost pioneer in electrical engineering techniques introduces ideas of the man who not only made discoveries that transformed modern life but also trained and educated a generation of engineers. Volume II covers alternating current phenomena, electric discharges, waves and impulses, and transients in time. 1915–20 editions.

Table of Contents for Lectures on Electrical Engineering, Vol. II

PART I ALTERNATING CURRENT PHENOMENA
General Waves
"CHAPTER I. DISTORTION OF WAVE-SHAPE, AND ITS CAUSES"
1. Equivalent sine wave
2. Cause of distortion
3. Lack of uniformity and pulsation of magnetic field
4. Continued
5. Pulsation of reactance
6. Pulsation of reactance in reaction machine
7. General discussion
8. "Pulsation of resistance, arc "
9. Example
10. Distortion of wave-shape by arc
11. Discussion
12. Calculation of example
13. Separation of overtones from distorted wave
14. Resolution of exciting-current wave of transformer
15. "Distortion of e.m.f. wave with sine wave of current, in iron clad circuit "
16. Existence and absence of third harmonic in three-phase system
17. Suppression of third harmonics in transformers on three-phase system
18. Wave-shape distortion in Y -connected transformers
19. "Disappearance of distortion by delta connection, etc. "
CHAPTER II. EFFECTS OF HIGHER HARMONICS
20. Distortion of wave-shape by triple and quintuple harmonics; some characteristic wave-shapes
21. Effect of self-induction and capacity on higher harmonics
22. Resonance due to higher harmonics in transmission lines
23. Power of complex harmonic waves
24. Three-phase generator
25. Decrease of hysteresis by distortion of wave-shape
26. Increase of hysteresis by distortion of wave-shape
27. Eddy currents and effect of distorted waves on insulation
CHAPTER III. SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION OF GENERAL ALTERNATING WAVE
28. Symbolic representation
29. Effective values
30. "Power, torque, etc.; circuit-factor "
31. "Resistance, inductance, and capacity in series "
32. Apparent capacity of condenser
33. Synchronous motor
34. Induction motor
Polyphase Systems
CHAPTER IV. GENERAL POLYPHASE SYSTEMS
35. "Definition of systems, symmetrical and unsymmetrical systems "
36. Flow of energy; balanced and unbalanced systems; independent and interlinked systems; star connection and ring connection
37. Classification of polyphases systems
CHAPTER V. SYMMETRICAL POLYPHASE SYSTEMS
38. General equations of symmetrical systems
39. Particular systems
40. Resultant m.m.f. of symmetrical system
41. Particular systems
CHAPTER VI. BALANCED AND UNBALANCED POLYPHASE SYSTEMS
42. Flow of energy in single-phase system
43. Flow of energy in polyphase systems; balance factor of system
44. Balance factor
45. "Three-phase system, quarter-phase sys
46. Inverted three-phase system
47. Diagrams of flow of energy
48. Monocyclic and polycyclic systems
49. Power characteristic of alternating-current system
50. The same in rectangular coordinates
51. Main power axes of alternating-current system
CHAPTER VII. INTERLINKED POLYPHASE SYSTEMS
52. Interlinked and independent systems
53. Star connection and ring connection. Y -connection and delta connection
54. Continued
55. "Star potential and ring potential; star current and ring current; Y-potential and -current, delta potential and delta current "
56. Equations of interlinked polyphase systems
57. Continued
CHAPTER VIII. TRANSFORMATION OF POLYPHASE SYSTEMS
58. Constancy of balance factor
59. Equations of transformation of polyphase systems
60. Three-phase quarter-phase transformation
61. Some of the more common polyphase transformations
62. Transformation with change of balance factor
CHAPTER IX. COPPER EFFICIENCY OF SYSTEMS
63. General discussion
64. Comparison on the basis of equality of minimum difference of potential
65. Comparison on the basis of equality of maximum difference of potential between conductors
66. Continued
67. Comparison on the basis of equality of maximum difference of potential between conductors and ground
CHAPTER X. METERING OF POLYPHASE CIRCUIT
68. General equations
69. Continued
70. Three-phase metering
71. Discussion
CHAPTER XI. BALANCED SYMMETRICAL POLYPHASE SYSTEMS
72. Resolution of polyphase system into constituent single-phase systems
73. Instance of calculation of transmission line
74. Resultant effects of all phases
75. Three-phase and single-phase admittance
76. Three-phase and single-phase impedance
CHAPTER XII. THREE-PHASE SYSTEMS
77. General equations
78. "Special cases: balanced system, one branch loaded, two branches loaded "
CHAPTER XIII. QUARTER-PHASE SYSTEM
79. General equations
80. "Special cases: balanced system, one branch loaded "
"PART II ELECTRIC DISCHARGES, WAVES AND IMPULSES"
CHAPTER I. NATURE AND ORIGIN OF TRANSIENTS
1. Electric power and energy; permanent and transient phenomena
2. "Energy storage in electric circuit, by magnetic and dielectric field"
3. "Transients existing with all forms of energy: transients of railway car of fan motor, of incandescent lamp; destructive values; high-speed water-power governing"
4. Simplest transients: proportionality of cause and effect; simple transient of electric circuit; exponential function as the expression; other transients: deceleration of
5. "Two classes of transients: single-energy and double-energy transients; instance of car acceleration, of low-voltage circuit, of pendulum, of condenser discharge through inductive circuit; transients of more than two forms of energy"
6. Permanent phenomena usually simpler than transients; reduction of alternating-current phenomena to permanents by effective values and by symbolic method; nonperiodic transients
CHAPTER II. THE ELECTRIC FIELD
7. Phenomena of electric power flow: power dissipation in conductor; magnetic field and electrostatic or dielectric field; lines of magnetic force; lines of dielectric force
8. "The magnetic flux, inductance, inductance voltage, and the energy of the magnetic field "
9. "The dielectric flux, capacity, capacity current, and the energy of the dielectric field "
10. "Magnetic circuit and dielectric circuit; magnetomotive force magnetizing force, magnetic field intensity, and magnetic density; permeability; magnetic materials "
11. Electromotive force; dielectric field intensity and die
13. Single-energy transient represents increase or decrease of energy; magnetic transients of low- and medium-voltage circuits; single-energy and double-energy transients of capacity; exponential equation; duration of the transient, time constant; numerical values of transient of intensity 1 and duration 1; the three forms of the equation of the magnetic transient
14. The magnetic transient of a motor field; its duration
15. Effect of the insertion of resistance on voltage and duration of the magnetic transient; the opening of inductive circuit
16. The magnetic transient of closing an inductive circuit; general method of separation of transient and of permanent terms
CHAPTER IV. SINGLE-ENERGY TRANSIENTS OF ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUITS
17. Separation of current into permanent and transient component; condition of maximum and of zero transient
18. The starting transient of the balanced three-phase system; relation between the transients of the three phases; starting transient of three-phase magnetic field, and its construction; the oscillatory start of the rotating field; maximum value of rotating-field transient, and its industrial bearing
19. "Momentary short-circuit current of synchronous alternator, and current rush in its field circuit; ratio of momentary to permanent short-circuit current "
20. The magnetic field transient at short circuit of alternator; its effect on the armature currents, and on the field current; the starting transient of the armature currents; the transient full-frequency pulsation of the field current caused by it; effect of inductance in the exciter field
21. The transients of the single-phase alternator short circuit; the permanent double-frequency pulsation of armature reaction and of field current; combination of full-frequency transient and double-frequency permanent pulsation of field current; potential difference at field terminal at short circuit, and its industrial bearing
CHAPTER V. SINGLE-ENERGY TRANSIENT OF IRONCLAD CIRCUIT
22. Absence of proportionality between current and magnetic flux in ironclad circuit; numerical calculation by step-by-step method
23. "General expression of magnetic flux in ironclad circuit; its introduction in the differential equation of the transient; integration, and calculation of a numerical insta
CHAPTER VI. DOUBLE-ENERGY TRANSIENTS
24. "Single-energy transient, after separation from permanent term, as a steady decrease of energy; double-energy transient consisting of energy -dissipation factor. and energy-transfer factor "
25. Pulsation of energy during transient; relation between maximum current and maximum voltage; the natural impedance and the natural admittance of the circuit; calculation of maximum voltage from maximum current, and inversely; instances of line short circuit, ground on cable, lightning stroke
26. Trigonometric functions of the periodic factor of the transient; calculation of the frequency; initial values of current and voltage
27. The power-dissipation factor of the transient; duration of the Double-energy transient the harmonic mean of the duration of the magnetic and of the dielectric transient
CHAPTER VII. LINE OSCILLATIONS
28. "Review of the characteristics of the double-energy transient; modification for distributed capacity and inductance: the distance phase angle and the velocity of propagation, the time phase angle, and the two forms of the line oscillation "
29. "Effective inductance and effective capacity, and the frequency of the line oscillation; the wave length; the oscillating-line section as quarter wave length "
30. "Relation between inductance, capacity, and frequency of propagation "
31. The different frequencies and wave lengths of the quarter-wave oscillation; of the half-wave oscillation
32. The velocity unit of length; its importance in compound circuits
CHAPTER VIII. TRAVELING WAVES
33. The power of the stationary oscillation and its correspondence with reactive power of alternating currents; the traveling wave and its correspondence with effective power of alterlating currents; occurrence of traveling waves: the lightning stroke
34. The flow of transient power and its equation; the power-dissipation constant and the power-transfer constant; the general equation of the traveling wave
35. Positive and negative power-transfer constant; undamped oscillation and cumulative oscillation; the arc as their source; the alternating-current transmission-line equation special case of a traveling wave of negative power-transfer constant
36. Coexistence and combination of traveling waves and stationary oscillations; industrial importance of traveling waves; their frequencies
37. The impulse as traveling wave; its equations; the wave front
CHAPTER IX. OSCILLATIONS OF THE COMPOUND CIRCUIT
38. "The stationary oscillation of the compound circuit; the time decrement of the total circuit, and the power-dissipation and power-transfer constants of its section "
39. Instance of oscillation of a closed compound circuit; the two traveling waves and the resultant transient-power diagram
40. Comparison of the transient-power diagram with the power diagram of an alternating-current circuit
41. Voltage and current relation between the sections of a compound oscillating circuit
42. Change of phase angle at the transition points between sections of a compound oscillating circuit; partial reflection at the transition point
CHAPTER X. CONTINUAL AND CUMULATIVE OSCILLATIONS
43 "Continual energy supply to the system as necessary cause, involving frequency transformation; instance of arcing ground on transmission line; recurrent and continuous continual oscillations; oscillograms of different types; singing
44 Mechanism of energy supply to the continual oscillation by negative energy cycle; hysteresis cycle of transient arc; mechanism of energy supply and hunting of synchronous machines
45 Frequency of continual oscillation; destructiveness of oscillation; cumulative effect on insulation; independence of frequency of continual oscillation from that of exciting cause
CHAPTER XI. INDUCTANCE AND CAPACITY OF ROUND PARALLEL CONDUCTORS
46. Definition of inductance and of capacity; the magnetic and the dielectric field; the law of superposition of fields
47. Calculation of inductance of two parallel round conductors; external magnetic flux and internal magnetic flux
48. Calculation and discussion of the inductance of two parallel conductors at a small distance from each other
49. "Calculation of capacity of parallel conductors by superposition of dielectric fields; reduction to electromagnetic units by the velocity of light; relation between inductance, capacity, and velocity of propagation "
50. "Conductor with ground return, inductance, and capacity; the image conductor; limitations of its application "
51. "Mutual inductance between circuits; calculation of equation, and approximation "
52. Mutual capacity between circuits; symmetrical circuits and asymmetrical circuits; grounded circuit
53. "The three-phase circuit; inductance and capacity of two-wire single-phase circuit, imum values of oscillation
67. Opening the circuit of a transmission line under load
68. Rupturing a short-circuit of a transmission line
69. "Numerical example of starting transmission line at no load, opening it at full load, and opening short-circuit "
70. Numerical example of a short-circuit oscillation of underground cable system
71. Conclusions
CHAPTER IX. DIVIDED CIRCUIT
72. General equations of a divided circuit
73. Resolution into permanent term and transi

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