| Preface |
| 0. Mathematical Preliminaries |
| 0.1 Functions and Their Derivatives |
| 0.2 Functions of Functions and their Derivatives |
| 0.3 Implicit Functions |
| 0.4 Sets of Functions |
| 0.5 Differentiation of Implicit Functions |
| 0.6 Surfaces |
| 0.7 Tangents and Normals |
| 0.8 Direction Cosines and Space Curves |
| 0.9 Directional Derivatives |
| 0.10 Envelopes |
| 0.11 Differential Equations |
| 0.12 Strips |
| References |
| 1. Mathematical Models That Give First-Order Partial Differential Equations |
| 1.1 Introduction |
| 1.2 Chromatography of a Single Solute |
| 1.3 Chromatography of Several Solutes |
| 1.4 Chromatography with Heat Effects |
| 1.5 Countercurrent Adsorber |
| 1.6 Heat Exchanger |
| 1.7 Polymerization in a Batch Reactor |
| 1.8 Other Problems in Chemical Kinetics |
| 1.9 Tubular Reactor |
| 1.10 Enhanced Oil Recovery |
| 1.11 Kinematic Waves in General |
| 1.12 Equations of Compressible Fluid Flow |
| 1.13 Flow of Electricity and Heat and Propagation of Light |
| 1.14 Two Problems in Optimization |
| 1.15 An Estimation Problem |
| 1.16 Geometrical Origins |
| 1.17 Cauchy-Riemann Equations |
| References |
| 2. Motivations, Classifications, and Some Methods of Solution |
| 2.1 Comparisons Between Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations |
| 2.2 Classification of Equations |
| 2.3 When Has an Equation Been Solved? |
| 2.4 Special Methods for Certain Equations |
| 2.5 Method of Characteristics for Quasi-linear Equations |
| 2.6 Alternative Treatment of the Quasi-linear Equations |
| References |
| 3. Linear and Semilinear Equations |
| 3.1 Linear and Semilinear Equations with Constant Coefficients |
| 3.2 Examples of Linear and Semilinear Equations |
| 3.3 Homogeneous Equations |
| 3.4 Equilibrium Theory of the Parametric Pump |
| 3.5 Linear Equations with Variable Coefficients |
| 3.6 Linear Equations with n Independent Variables |
| References |
| 4. Chromatographic Equations with Finite Rate Expressions |
| 4.1 Solution by the Laplace Transformation |
| 4.2 Linear Chromatography |
| 4.3 Laplace Transformation as a Moment-generating Function |
| 4.4 Chromatography with a Langmuir Isotherm |
| 4.5 Fixed-bed Adsorption with Recycle |
| 4.6 Poisoning in Fixed-bed Reactors |
| References |
| 5. Homogeneous Quasi-linear Equations |
| 5.1 Reducible Equations |
| 5.2 Simple Waves |
| 5.3 Equilibrium Chromatography of a Single Solute |
| 5.4 Discontinuities in Solu |
| 5.5 Discontinuous Solutions in Equilibrium Chromatography |
| 5.6 Water Flooding |
| 5.7 Quasi-linear Equations with n Independent Variables |
| References |
| 6. Formation and Propagation of Shocks |
| 6.1 Formation of a Shock |
| 6.2 Saturation of a Column |
| 6.3 Development of a Finite Chromatogram |
| 6.4 Propagation of a Pulse |
| 6.5 Analysis of a Countercurrent Adsorber |
| 6.6 Analysis of Traffic Flow |
| 6.7 Theory of Sedimentation |
| References |
| 7. Conservation Equations, Weak Solutions, and Shock Layers |
| 7.1 Chromatographic Equations and Initial Data |
| 7.2 Conservation Equations and the Jump Condition |
| 7.3 Intermezzo on Convex Function and the Legendre Transformation |
| 7.4 Weak Solutions and the Entropy Condition |
| 7.5 Lax's Solution for the Quasi-linear Conservation Law |
| 7.6 Some Additional Properties of Weak Solutions |
| 7.7 Sound Waves of Finite Amplitude |
| 7.8 Some General Properties of Chromatograms |
| 7.9 Asymptotic Behavior |
| 7.10 Shock-layer Analysis |
| References |
| 8. Nonhomogeneous Quasi-linear Equations |
| 8.1 Nonhomogeneous Equations with Two Independent Variables |
| 8.2 Analysis of Transient Volumetric Pool Boiling |
| 8.3 Black-box Steady State |
| 8.4 Countercurrent Adsorber under Nonequilibrium Conditions |
| 8.5 Countercurrent Adsorber with Reaction |
| References |
| 9. Nonlinear Equations |
| 9.1 Nonlinear Equations with Two Independent Variables |
| 9.2 Geometry of the Solution Surface |
| 9.3 Nonlinear Equations with n Independent Variables |
| 9.4 Some Questions of Existence and Continuity |
| 9.5 A Problem in Optimization |
| References |
| 10. Variational Problems |
| 10.1 Basic Problem of the Calculus of Variations |
| 10.2 Canonical form of the Euler Equations |
| 10.3 Hamilton-Jacobi Equation |
| 10.4 Equivalence of First-order Partial Differential Equations and Variational Problems |
| 10.5 Principles of Fermat and Huygens |
| References |
| Author Index; Subject Index |